Spinning bucket



Jan. 14, 1936. V BENGE 2,028,040.

SPINNING BUCKET Filed March 14, 1933 v 2 Sheets-Sheet '1 Z-werafoz";

frzu fr er e. ly eclg rne yo' F. H. BENGE SPINNING BUCKET Jan. 14. 1936.

Filed March 14, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 y n the wall of the bucket by wrapping sheet mate- Patented Jan. 14, 1936 I UNITEDIS'IIAT-ES PATENT OFFICE" m linemen aaslgnorto orrlstown, Pa Continental-Diamond Fibre Company, Newark. Del acomrafionofDelaware Application March 14.1933, Serial No. 660,749

This invention relates to the manufacture of hollow articles of composite material with an improved wall construction, and more particularly it relates to rayon or artificial silk spinning buckets, and to methods of making such articles,

thegeneral object being to provide an improved ning buckets, for example, are revolved at high speed during use and, owing to the excessive centrifugal force to which they are subjected, it is essential that the wall structure of the buckets be as strong and as nearly balanced as possible and that their strength and balanced condition be maintained as far asjs possible.

Heretofore in the manufacture of articles of this class, it has been the practice to build up rial impregnated with a binder about a mandrel, several layers being used to build up the wall to the proper thickness. when thus formed, however, the wall has a tendency to wrinkle and become unbalanced due to the high speeds at which these buckets are run. After a time, the unbalanced condition will render the bucket useless for practical purposes.

'By means of .this invention, a construction is provided which insures a balanced condition thereof at all times and eliminates entirely the I -inherent defects common to prior art devices.

In accordance with the invention, the wall of the bucket is built up of superposed reverse spirals or helices of fibrous strip material and an associated binder. This results in what might be termed a "lattice winding or one in which the strands of adjacent layers are non-parallel. By

means of this procedure, it is possible to control the density of the material of the bucket wall very accurately, which is impossible in the prior art methods. Although I have chosen, for the purpose'of disclosure, to illustrate the invention herein in connection with rayon spinning buckets, it is to be understood that it is in no way to such article, and is capable of practice in connection with any hollow article manufactured from composite material. The componte material as employed herein contemplates the 2 Claims. (sin-1 21.5)

use of fibrous material associated with a binder,- particularly of a synthetic resinous nature.

The invention will be more fully understood fromthe following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. in which: 5

1 is anielevational viewof the finished bucket of the invention with the lower portion thereof shown in section:

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary enlarged detail view of a portion of the bucket;

Fig. 3 is a perspective, view of the bucket; and Figs. 4 to'8 are perspective views illustrating various successive steps of the method preferably employed in the manufacture of the bucket.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1 to 3 of the 15 drawings, the bucket comprises in general a-circular wall I, a base! andahub 3. Wall l is slightly tapered toward the bottom of the bucket so that it resembles an inverted truncated cone,

but its taper is so slight that it may be said to go The essential parts of the article are formed g5 of fibrous material and an associated binder. While the invention contemplates-broadly the use of any materials which may bev found suit! able, I prefer to use canvas impregnated with a synthetic resin, especially of the phenolictype, 30 such as phenol formaldehyde resin. Other fibrous materials, however, such as paper, cotton cloth, etc., may be used. As well known, phenolic resins exist in an initial or soluble and fusible stage and in a final or insoluble and in- 5 fusible stage. The conversion of the resin from the initial to the final stage may be effected by heat or by heat and pressure. Although the several parts of my improved article are formed of fibrous material in different physical form, these 40 parts are formed from the fibrous material with synthetic resin in its initial or soluble stage carried by or mixed with the' fibrous material, and the resin is later converted to its final stage.

Wall I is built up of superposed layers 4 of 45 resin-impregnated fibrous strip material. Each layer takes the form of a spiral or helix of the impregnated strip material. The adjacent turns .or strands 5 of each layer may overlap slightly,

if desired. In winding the spiral or helical lay- 5o will be, alternate layers will have their constituent strands or turns substantially parallel. The pitch of the wound spirals or helices may vary in diflerent instances, it being only essential that the reverse spiral arrangement be used so that the strands or turns of adjacent layers intersect at some angle. Although this general construction is particularly adapted for the wall of a spinning bucket, and the invention is primarily concerned with such article, the invention is not thus limited but is applicable to the manufacture and construction of any article having a wall similar to that of a spinning bucket, and particularly one which is rotated at high speeds and, therefore, subjected to excessive centrifugal force and the stresses and strains set up thereby.

The rim portion 6 of wall I is enlarged by winding additional turns of the impregnated fibrous strip material at this point, the purpose of the enlarged rim being to provide ample material for the formation of the annular groove 1 that is commonly provided in such articles and is adapted to seat aretaining ring to secure the usual cover .in place. As is also customary, an annular shoulder 8 is formed upon which the cover is adapted to seat, and the enlargement of the rim portion .of the wall also accommodates the formation of the shoulder. Wall I' also comrespectively, which give the bucket a finished T appearance and serve another purpose described below. As shown in Fig. 8, each of the facing sheets preferably comprises several turns. If desired, several sheets may be used to form each facing sheet compositely. The facing sheets may be composed of the fibrous material above mentioned impregnated, of course, with resin. The lower edges of the sheets are extended and are folded or bent as illustrated at H and I2 into the base of thebucket. The specific manner in which this is accomplished will be fully explained hereinafter. A disk l3 composed of the resin-impregnated material above mentioned is positioned within the buck et at the bottom thereof. The folded edge ll of facing sheet 9 lies adjacent disk I3 immediately beneath the same. The purpose of disk [3 is to give the bottom interior of the bucket a finished' appearance aiid also to securely hold edge It.

The base 2 and the hub 3 of the bucket are preferably formed of small pieces of resin-impregnated fibrous material-such as above mentioned. These pieces may vary widely in size; generally. .varying from one-eighth inch at the smallest width up to one inch at the greatest width. Advantageously thesmall pieces are obtained from scrap material cut to suitable size resulting from the manufacture of laminated composite products. The manner in which these understanding of the preferred method of making the improved article of e invention, there is provided a long spindle or shaft l6 upon which are mounted a plurality of frusto-conical mandrel sections I! corresponding in shape and size to the inside of the bucket to be produced. Spindle I6 forms a part of the apparatus which is used in the manufacture of the article and this spindie is arranged for rotation and is adapted to be driven by any suitable source of power. The tubular frusto-conical mandrel sections ll are preferably metallic members but may, of course, be composed of any suitable material. These sections are placed upon spindle I6 so that adjacent sections are disposed in reversed or opposed desired manner. The strip is heated prior to winding thereof sumciently to render the gumlike resin sticky as, for example, by passing the strip over a heated drum. As spindle l6 and the mandrel carried thereby rotates at the desired speed, the'strip is fed to the mandrel and, at the same time, is moved back and forth laterally in a manner to cause winding of the reverse superposed spirals or helices described above. Al'- though the strip material may be fed in the desired manner to the rotating mandrel byhand, a suitable power-actuated device is preferably provided for this purpose, this device being under complete control of the operator. The reversed direction of the superposed spirals or helices is clearly illustrated in Fig. 5, one spiral being shown at 20 wound in one direction, while a superposed spiral 2| is shown in the process of being wound in a direction at an angle to Y the first-named spiral. In order to provide the enlarged rim of the spinning bucket above described, the operator may control the winding of the strip material to cause extra turns to be wound at the points IQ of maximum diameter of the mandrel. Generally speaking, several additional turns at these points will serve the pur-- enlarged portions where it will be about threequarter inch. The long spirally wound tubu-.- lar article thus formed is then cut into sections toform the individual circular walls of a plurality of buckets. As illustrated in Fig. 6, this may be accomplished by means of a circular rotating cutter 22 which is manipulated so as to cut the long tubular member at the planes of abutment of the adjacent mandrel sections. The cutting device also. preferably takes the form of a power-actuated device which may be readily manipulated by the operator, although it will be apparent that the cutting operation 'may be carried out by any suitable tool, such as a manually operable one.

The individual walls on their individual man drel sections are removed from spindle it, one of these walls and its associated mandrel section being shown in 7. Considering the treat- In order to accomplish this, I prefer to use a 'hubandbasetothedesiredshape. Thedie-ram' will be obvious that the use of the fac ment of one of the walls to form a finished bucket, the mandrel section is removed from the tubular wall and the facing cloths 9 and ill .above mentioned are applied as illustrated in Fig. 8. These cloths are of longer longitudinal length than the circular wall in order. to provide the extended ends II and I2 above-mentioned. These ends are provided with spaced slits 23 and 24, respectively, the purpose of this being to enable the ends to be readily folded or bent without wrinkling. While it is preferred to slit the ends, any other manner of treating them, such as notching, may be resorted to which will serve the intended purpose.

The composite circular wall is now ready to.

be assembled with the other parts of the bucket.

simple press or mold which comprises a movable plug or male die member, a stationary female die member, and a movable die-ram. The male member is of such size and shape that the circular wall of the bucket may be invertedly placed thereover. This being..done, the male member is forced into a cooperative relation with the female die member and, due to the tapered shape of the circular wall, the die mem-- bers serve to compress the wall and render it more compact. The disk II, which has been previously formed, is placed upon the head of the plug-like male member and the extended end ll of the facing sheet 9 is bent or folded inwardly over the peripheral portion of the disk.

Some of the resin-impregnated pieces of fibrous material ,making up the base 2 of the bucket are then spread upon disk I! and the overlapped end ll, these pieces filling the space between ends II and ll of thefacing sheets and generally covering the disk It. The extended end I! of facing sheet II is then bent or folded over the deposited fibrous pieces and the remainder of the small resin-impregnated fibrous pieces forming the base are deposited. these latter pieces covering 'e'nds II. The hub 3 is preformed of the small pieces of resin-impregnated fibrous pieces and the preformed hub is placed in the movable die-ram which is adapted to form the is lowered carrying the preformed hub with it until it comes in contact with the small fibrous pieces of the base, and thereafter pressure'is applied, preferably hydraulic, and theformed article is heated, thereby consolidating the article into a unitary structure and converting resin to the final insoluble, infusible stage. I

prefer to use a pressure of approximately 2000 pounds per square inch and to heat-the material of the article at a temperature of approximately 275. F. for atime, dependingnpon the thickness.

of the material. A bucket having a wall onehalf inch thick may be heated at the stated temperature for about an hour. During the pressing treatment, the bucket is compressed about one-eighth of an inch in diameter, It

in the manner above described not only gives the finished bucket a desirable appearance, but also enables a more secure bonding of the bucket base and the circular wall thereof. The overlapping tab-like portions of the extended ends of the sheets interlockwith the small pieces of fibrous material to accomplish'this purpose.-

After the bucket is removed from the prms.

it is preferably placed upon a metal form of substantiallythe-samesiseandshapeasthe then removed from the form and machined to :lcloths uniform density.

interior of thebucket. Theformand arethen placedinaovenand there for about twelve hours under heat treatment at atemperahireof approximately 220' I". Thepurposeofthlsistoequalisetheconstit- 5 uency of the bucket and toremoveminternal strains. Afterthebucketonitssupportingfovrm is removed from. the normalizing oven, itis allowedtoremainontheformuntilcooledtoap' proximately room The bucket is provideasmoothexteriorsurfaceatthebase and also to provldethe cover-seating shoulder and retainer ringgroove, aswellastberece. forbushing II. Thebucketispreferablyplaeed is onataperedformhavlngashapegenerslly similartotheinterlorofthebuchetandadapted for mountinginalathe. dftertheformhas been thus'mountedtherecess M forthebushingisdrilledandthesurfsceoftbe'base and hub are machinedtogiveasmooth surfaceand atthesametimeremoveanyexcessfibrousma- 25 are machined concentrically with respect to the bushing anditsrecess. Thebucketisthenentirely completed and is ready for use. It willbe apparentfromtheabovedescriptlcn that the invention provides a novelconstruction of the bucket as a whole. and of its circular wallinparticulanthatimpartstothebucket the desired characteristics previously mentioned.

'Byforming thecylindrlcalwallofthebucketin the manner illustrated and described, it is possible to obtain. uniform density of the wall throughout and this resultsin perfect balancing. of the bucket. The specific construction of the bucket wall has greater inherent strength than have the walls of prior-devious.

formed as previouslymentioned.

Although the invention has been and described herein with reference to a'pre- ,ferred embodimentandapreferredmethodof manufacture,- it will beapparent that various as changes and modifications in the details may be made. Any such changes or in, therefore. as fall within the scope of the appended'claimsaredeemedtobeapartdthe invention. 1

I claim:

1. A hollow article, such is a spinning bucket,

- which maybe subjected to excessive stress dur-' fiatstripmaterlalwiththetm'nsofeachspiral overlapping one another, whereby the fibrous'm strip portions are tied in orinterlocked with one anotherinastrongbalanoedstructurehaving mamas. 

